Treatment of hiatal hernia
A set of measures aimed at eliminating hernias that occur when the abdominal organs are displaced into the chest.
A hiatal hernia occurs when anatomical structures located under the diaphragm, such as the esophagus, stomach, or intestines, are displaced through a weakened diaphragmatic opening into the chest cavity.
The symptoms of GPOD are often caused by reflux — the reflux of gastric contents into the esophagus, which leads to inflammation of the mucous membrane. Without treatment, this can lead to ulcerative lesions, scarring, or narrowing of the esophagus. With age, the risk of hernias increases due to weakening of the ligaments of the diaphragm, loss of tissue elasticity and other degenerative changes. Obesity, chronic cough, constipation, as well as heavy physical activity contribute to the development of hernia.
General blood and urine analysis Biochemical blood analysis Coagulogram Electrocardiogram (ECG) Chest X-ray Ultrasound of the abdominal cavity Esophagogastroscopy to assess the condition of the mucous membrane of the esophagus and stomach Testing for infections (hepatitis, HIV, syphilis).
The operation is performed laparoscopically under general anesthesia. After several small punctures in the abdominal wall, surgical instruments and a laparoscope with a video camera are inserted. The surgeon eliminates the hernial protrusion, returns the organs to the abdominal cavity and sutures the diaphragmatic opening. In some cases, a mesh implant is installed to strengthen weak areas and prevent recurrence of hernia. One of the most effective methods is Nissen fundoplication, which allows you to restore the normal position of organs and create a barrier against reflux. Crural surgery can also be performed — suturing of the diaphragmatic openings to strengthen them. The duration of the operation depends on the degree of hernial protrusion and ranges from 1 to 2 hours.
Laparoscope with video camera for visualization Surgical instruments for suturing and strengthening the diaphragmatic opening Mesh implant if necessary to strengthen weak areas.
After surgery, the patient is monitored for 1-2 days. During the first weeks, it is necessary to observe a gentle regime: avoid physical activity, exclude fatty and spicy foods from the diet, and eat in fractional portions. Gradual recovery helps to avoid relapse and ensure a quick return to normal life. Full recovery takes up to 4 weeks. A check-up by the surgeon is scheduled one month after the operation.
Benefits
Minimal invasiveness
Small punctures instead of incisions reduce the traumatic nature of the operation.
Low risk of complications
Laparoscopic technique minimizes the risk of infection and postoperative pain.
Effective elimination of reflux
Fundoplication effectively eliminates the symptoms of reflux disease.
Fast recovery
Patients can return to their usual life as early as 2-4 weeks after surgery.
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Candidate of Medical Sciences. General Surgeon
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